Vitamin B3 / Niacin
Uses of Vitamin B3 / Niacin
The primary use of Vitamin B3 / Niacin is to manage dyslipidaemias such as hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL cholesterol levels. It belongs to the class of B-complex vitamins.
Additionally, it is crucial for various metabolic processes in the body including the synthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol, DNA repair, and cellular signaling.
Side effects of Vitamin B3 / Niacin
Flushing of the skin
Itching
Gastrointestinal upset
Glucose intolerance
Liver toxicity
How Vitamin B3 / Niacin works
Vitamin B3 / Niacin is a vital B-complex vitamin.
It functions as a precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP), two coenzymes involved in over 400 body reactions. Basically, it aids in energy generation, cell signaling, DNA repair, and the creation of fatty acids and cholesterol. Vitamin B3 / Niacin's effect on bodily lipids is not fully understood but includes various actions. Firstly, it slightly inhibits the release of free fatty acids from the body's fat stores. Secondly, it boosts lipoprotein lipase activity, an enzyme that helps to breakdown fats. Lastly, it slows down liver production of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), the so-called bad cholesterol.
Certified content
Written By
Doctor of Medicine
Reviewed By
BMS, FMC, MD Resident
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Vitamin B3 / Niacin can be taken orally (tablet, capsule, and extended-release tablet), and as a dietary supplement (powder or liquid).
Age and Dose Restrictions
This medicine is safe for use by both adults and children, but the dosage may vary based on age, so it is always best to consult a doctor before administering Vitamin B3/Niacin to infants and children.
Contraindications
Vitamin B3 / Niacin is contraindicated in patients with known allergies to any of its components. It is also contraindicated for individuals with liver disease or active peptic ulcer disease.
Other Medications to Avoid
Vitamin B3 / Niacin can interact with antidiabetic medicines (such as metformin and insulin), statins (like atorvastatin and simvastatin), and anticoagulants (including warfarin, heparin).
Overdose and Missed Dose
Overdosing on Vitamin B3 / Niacin may cause symptoms like flushing, itching, nausea, vomiting, and even liver damage. If you suspect an overdose, immediately contact your doctor.
If you miss a dose of Vitamin B3 / Niacin, take it as soon as you remember. If it is near the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve after discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.
Drinking plenty of water can help manage mild side effects such as flushing and itching.
Taking Vitamin B3 / Niacin with food might help to decrease stomach discomfort.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Vitamin B3 / Niacin may cause dizziness or fainting, especially when getting up from a lying or sitting position. This could potentially affect your ability to drive or operate heavy machinery.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
It is generally safe to use Vitamin B3 / Niacin during pregnancy and lactation. Nonetheless, always consult your doctor before taking this medicine during these periods.
Caution in Other Conditions
Patients with gallbladder disease or a history of gout should exercise caution when taking Vitamin B3 / Niacin.
It should be used carefully in individuals with a history of gastric ulcers due to the potential risk of exacerbation.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Ensure you have a balanced diet that includes foods rich in Vitamin B3 / Niacin such as meats, fish, nuts, and grains.
Regularly monitor your cholesterol levels to ensure that Vitamin B3 / Niacin is effectively managing your lipid profile.
Frequently asked questions
Is pellagra caused by a deficiency of Vitamin B3 / Niacin?
Yes, severe deficiency of Vitamin B3 / Niacin can lead to a condition known as pellagra.
Does Vitamin B3 / Niacin have any effect on sleep?
Vitamin B3 / Niacin is not associated with affecting sleep. However, since it plays a crucial role in energy metabolism, any deficiency might indirectly affect sleep patterns.
Will Vitamin B3 / Niacin affect fertility?
Vitamin B3 / Niacin is not directly associated with affecting fertility. Always consult your doctor for any concerns about fertility and vitamin supplements.
Is it safe to take Vitamin B3 / Niacin daily?
Yes, it is generally safe to take a recommended dietary allowance of Vitamin B3 / Niacin daily, but any supplementation should be under medical supervision.
How much time does Vitamin B3 / Niacin take to work?
The time for Vitamin B3 / Niacin to work depends on the individual's body and the condition for which it is taken.
What is the best time to take Vitamin B3 / Niacin?
The best time to take Vitamin B3 / Niacin usually depends on the individual's routine and doctor’s recommendation.
Can human body produce Vitamin B3 / Niacin naturally?
Yes, human body can synthesize Vitamin B3 / Niacin from the amino acid tryptophan.
Vitamin B3 / Niacin in other salts
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