Urokinase
Uses of Urokinase
- Urokinase is primarily used to dissolve blood clots in various medical conditions and is part of the thrombolytic medication group. It helps break up large blood clots, especially those formed in the lungs.
- Apart from its main uses: Pulmonary embolism (PE), deep vein thrombosis (DVT), myocardial infarction (heart attack), arterial thrombosis or embolism, and dialysis catheter clearance, Urokinase is occasionally used off-label for managing peripheral artery occlusive disease and acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion.
Side effects of Urokinase
Bleeding at the injection site or elsewhere in the body
Hypersensitivity reactions such as rash or bronchospasm
Low blood pressure (hypotension)
Heart rhythm problems (arrhythmias)
Nausea and vomiting
How Urokinase works
Urokinase is a thrombolytic medication. It works by acting as a plasminogen activator. This means it changes the inactive protein, plasminogen, into an active enzyme called plasmin. Plasmin has the responsibility of breaking down fibrin, which is the primary protein component of blood clots. In simpler terms, this enzyme helps dissolve blood clots.
Certified content
Written By
Doctor of Medicine
Reviewed By
BMS, FMC, MD Resident
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Urokinase is available as lyophilised (freeze-dried) powder for reconstitution.
Once reconstituted, it is administered by intravenous (IV) route as an injection or infusion.
Age and Dose Restrictions
Urokinase is typically prescribed for adults and, in certain conditions for children based on medical advice, considering the risks and benefits.
Contraindications
Urokinase is contraindicated in patients with active internal bleeding.
Other contraindications include recent stroke or neurosurgery within two months, recent major surgery or trauma within ten days, brain tumour or aneurysm, and severe uncontrolled hypertension.
Other Medications to Avoid
Urokinase may interact with other thrombolytics (such as alteplase), anticoagulants (like heparin and warfarin) and antiplatelet medicines (such as aspirin).
Overdose and Missed Dose
Overdose of Urokinase can potentially lead to excessive bleeding. If you suspect an overdose, immediately seek medical attention.
Urokinase, is administered by a medical professional at a hospital setting. Hence, it is highly unlikely of missing a dose.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.
Drinking plenty of water may help manage nausea or vomiting.
Lying down and reducing physical activity could alleviate hypotension.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Urokinase does not typically affect the ability to drive or operate heavy machinery. However, if you feel dizzy or lightheaded, avoid these activities.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
The use of Urokinase in pregnancy and lactation is generally not recommended, except under medical advice. Always consult your doctor before using this medicine during these times.
Caution in Other Conditions
Patients with liver conditions should exercise caution when taking Urokinase as it is mainly cleared from the plasma through the liver.
Persons with bleeding disorders or a low platelet count also need to be cautious while using this medication.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Regularly monitor your blood pressure and heart rate.
Reduce consumption of high-cholesterol foods and switch to a heart-healthy diet.
Regular exercise can help maintain cardiovascular health.
Monitor your weight regularly, as some conditions treated by Urokinase can cause fluid retention and weight gain.
Ensure regular blood tests are done to monitor your clotting factors and platelet count.
Frequently asked questions
Can Urokinase cause changes in my mood or emotions?
Urokinase is not associated with affecting mood or emotions. However, if you experience any emotional changes while taking this medicine, consult your doctor.
Can taking Urokinase result in weight gain or loss?
Urokinase does not typically cause weight changes. However, if you notice unexpected weight gain or loss while using it, consult your doctor.
I am vegetarian. Does Urokinase contain any animal-derived ingredients?
As a synthesized medication, Urokinase does not contain any ingredients derived from animals.
What is the half-life of Urokinase in the body?
The elimination half-life of Urokinase is about a few minutes, meaning the medicine is rapidly cleared from the plasma.
Can I become addicted to Urokinase?
Urokinase is not associated with addiction. It is a prescribed medication used to manage serious medical conditions involving blood clots.
Will taking Urokinase affect my menstrual cycle?
Urokinase is not associated with influencing the menstrual cycle. If you experience any changes in your menstrual cycle while using this medicine, consult your doctor.
Is Urokinase a steroid?
No, Urokinase is not a steroid. It belongs to the group of medicines known as thrombolytics, which are used to dissolve blood clots.
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