Testosterone
Uses of Testosterone
Testosterone is primarily used for replacement therapy in men with confirmed deficiency or absence of natural Testosterone, which is a condition known as male hypogonadism. This hormone belongs to the group of androgenic anabolic steroids.
Interestingly, it is also sometimes used off-label for female-to-male gender transitioning.
Side effects of Testosterone
Itching
Acne and oily skin
Hair loss in male pattern
Breast tenderness or enlargement
How Testosterone works
Testosterone is classified as an androgenic anabolic steroid.
It operates by binding to androgen receptors located in various tissues, particularly the reproductive organs, muscles, and bones. This interaction triggers the development of male sexual characteristics, promotes the production of sperm, and stimulates protein synthesis, which contributes to muscle growth and bone density. In some tissues, Testosterone is transformed into a stronger variant called dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Additionally, it is partially converted into estradiol, a major female sex hormone.
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Doctor of Medicine
Reviewed By
BMS, FMC, MD Resident
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Testosterone can be administered intramuscularly (injection), subcutaneously (implant), topically (transdermal gel, solution, or patch), orally (lozenge and tablet), and nasally (gel).
Age and Dose Restrictions
The use of Testosterone therapy is typically meant for adult males who exhibit symptoms of low testosterone levels.
Contraindications
Testosterone is contraindicated for men diagnosed with breast or prostate cancer. It should also be avoided by patients with known allergies to this medication.
Other Medications to Avoid
Testosterone can interact with anticoagulants (such as warfarin), corticosteroids (like prednisolone), insulin, and immunosuppressants (such as cyclosporine).
Overdose and Missed Dose
Overdosing in Testosterone may lead to symptoms such as oily skin or acne, hair loss, increased sex drive, fluid retention, and mood changes. In severe cases, professional medical attention should be sought immediately.
If a dose is missed, it should be taken as soon as possible. However, if the time for the next dose is near, the missed dose should be skipped to avoid double dosing.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary, generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.
Drinking plenty of water can help manage fluid retention.
If you experience mood changes, maintaining a regular sleep schedule and practising relaxation techniques can be beneficial.
If Testosterone is causing skin issues such as acne or oily skin, washing the skin thoroughly and avoiding oily cosmetics might be helpful.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Testosterone does not usually affect the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, if any side effects, such as dizziness or blurred vision, occur, refrain from driving or operating heavy machinery until these symptoms resolve.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
Testosterone is not recommended for use during pregnancy or breastfeeding due to potential harm to the baby. Always consult your doctor before using this medication if you are pregnant, planning a pregnancy or breastfeeding.
Caution in Other Conditions
Caution should be exercised when using Testosterone in patients with liver or kidney disease, congestive heart failure, diabetes, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and sleep apnea due to potential complications.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Reducing stress through relaxation techniques such as meditation or yoga can also help maintain optimal Testosterone levels.
Frequently asked questions
Is Testosterone a steroid?
Yes, Testosterone is a type of steroid. It is an androgenic anabolic steroid, which is naturally produced in the body, primarily by the testicles in men and smaller amounts in women.
Can Testosterone affect my sleep quality?
Testosterone can potentially have an impact on your sleep. Some studies suggest that low Testosterone levels can cause sleep disturbances, while others indicate that sleep apnea, a condition characterised by interrupted breathing during sleep, might worsen with Testosterone therapy. It is important to discuss your sleep concerns with your doctor when considering Testosterone therapy.
Will taking Testosterone affect my fertility?
Yes, high doses of Testosterone might affect your fertility by reducing sperm production. This is because when the body detects sufficient levels of Testosterone, it stops producing gonadotropin-releasing Hormone (GnRH), which in turn can lead to reduced sperm production.
Is it safe to use Testosterone therapy daily?
The safety of daily use of Testosterone therapy depends on the individual's health condition and Testosterone levels. It should be administered under the supervision of a doctor who will determine the most appropriate dosage and frequency based on individual health needs and hormone levels.
How long does Testosterone take to work?
The effects of Testosterone therapy can begin to show within a few weeks, but it may take several months for some changes, such as increased muscle mass or changes in fat distribution, to become noticeable.
What is the best time to administer Testosterone?
The best time to administer Testosterone may depend on the specific formulation and your doctor's instructions. Some forms of Testosterone are administered on a weekly or biweekly basis, while others are used daily.
How long is the duration of treatment with Testosterone?
The duration of Testosterone treatment is usually determined by your doctor, based on your individual health needs, Testosterone levels, and response to the therapy.
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