Prochlorperazine
Uses of Prochlorperazine
Primarily, Prochlorperazine is used to manage conditions such as nausea, vomiting, migraine and vertigo. It belongs to the class of medicines known as phenothiazines.
Additionally, it is used for the short-term management of anxiety and less commonly in the management of psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia and mania.
Side effects of Prochlorperazine
Drowsiness and sedation
Dizziness and headache
Dry mouth and constipation
Blurred vision
How Prochlorperazine works
Prochlorperazine is a phenothiazine derivative and dopamine antagonist.
It mainly works by blocking the action of dopamine in the brain, particularly at the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) and the vomiting centre. This helps to control nausea and vomiting. By blocking dopamine D2 receptors, Prochlorperazine also helps to relieve migraine headaches.
Certified content
Written By
Doctor of Medicine
Reviewed By
BMS, FMC, MD Resident
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Prochlorperazine is available for oral consumption (tablets and syrup) and administered intramuscularly or intravenously (injection).
Age and Dose Restrictions
This medicine is meant for adults and children above two years of age.
Contraindications
This medicine is contraindicated in patients with known allergies to Prochlorperazine or other phenothiazines. It is also contraindicated in patients with severe central nervous system depression, bone marrow depression, or coma.
Other Medications to Avoid
Prochlorperazine may interact with antipsychotics (such as risperidone and haloperidol), anticholinergic agents (such as atropine and scopolamine) and anti-hypertensives (such as nifedipine and metoprolol).
Overdose and Missed Dose
An overdose of this medication may cause symptoms like drowsiness, irregular heartbeat and fainting. In case of a suspected overdose, seek immediate medical attention.
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double your dose to make up for a missed one.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve after discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.
Dizziness or light-headedness can be managed by getting up slowly when rising from a sitting or lying position.
Dry mouth can be managed by staying hydrated and chewing sugar-free gum.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Prochlorperazine may cause drowsiness or dizziness, affecting your ability to drive or operate machinery. It is advisable to avoid such activities until you know how this medication affects you.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
This medicine is not recommended during pregnancy and breastfeeding unless recommended by your doctor. Consult your doctor before using this medicine during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Caution in Other Conditions
Patients with liver disease or heart disease should exercise caution when taking this medicine.
It should also be used with caution in patients with a history of seizures or those with an enlarged prostate or urinary retention problems.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Drinking plenty of fluids can help manage constipation, a possible side effect of Prochlorperazine.
Regular sleep patterns can help manage dizziness and drowsiness caused by this medication.
Frequently asked questions
Is Prochlorperazine a sedative?
Yes, Prochlorperazine is a sedative. It is a medicine primarily used to manage conditions such as nausea, vomiting, migraine, vertigo and short-term anxiety.
Does Prochlorperazine have any effect on sleep?
Prochlorperazine can cause drowsiness and sedation as side effects, therefore it may affect your sleeping patterns. If you experience severe sleep disturbances, consult your doctor.
Will Prochlorperazine affect fertility?
Prochlorperazine is not directly associated with affecting fertility. However, if you are planning to conceive, it is advisable to discuss this with your doctor.
Is Prochlorperazine available over the counter, or do I need a prescription?
Prochlorperazine usually requires a prescription from a doctor and is typically not available over the counter.
Is it safe to take Prochlorperazine daily?
The safety of daily administration of Prochlorperazine depends on the condition being managed and the duration advised by the doctor.
How much time does Prochlorperazine take to work?
The onset of action might vary depending on the specific condition being managed and individual patient factors.
What is the best time to take Prochlorperazine?
The best time to take Prochlorperazine depends on the dosing instructions provided by your doctor.
Prochlorperazine in other salts
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