Procarbazine
Uses of Procarbazine
The primary use of Procarbazine is to manage certain types of cancer including Hodgkin's lymphoma and brain tumours. It falls under the class of chemotherapy medications known as alkylating agents.
In cases of Hodgkin's Lymphoma, it is typically used in combination with other chemotherapy medications as part of the BEACOPP regimen, which includes other medications such as bleomycin, etoposide, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone. In the management of certain brain tumours like glioblastoma multiforme and astrocytoma, Procarbazine may be administered alone or in conjunction with other treatment modalities like radiation therapy.
Side effects of Procarbazine
Nausea and vomiting
Loss of appetite
Diarrhoea
Hair loss
Fatigue
How Procarbazine works
Procarbazine is a chemotherapy medicine.
It functions as an alkylating agent, which means it interferes with DNA replication by forming cross-links in the DNA strands. This prevents cancer cells from dividing and growing, thereby helping to reduce tumor size and control the spread of cancer.
Certified content
Written By
BDS, MDS
Reviewed By
BMS, FMC, MD Resident
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Procarbazine is available for oral administration in the form of capsules.
Age and Dose Restrictions
This medicine is meant for use in adults.
Contraindications
Procarbazine is contraindicated in patients with severely low blood cell counts.
It is contraindicated in individuals suffering from severe liver disease.
Patients with a history of serious heart disease should not use this medicine.
Other Medications to Avoid
This medicine can interact with antidepressants (such as SSRIs like fluoxetine and MAOIs like phenelzine), opioid pain medications (like morphine and codeine), antihistamines (such as diphenhydramine and loratadine), sedatives (like diazepam and alprazolam), blood thinners (such as warfarin), and blood pressure medications (like atenolol).
Overdose and Missed Dose
An overdose of Procarbazine may result in severe nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, dizziness, seizures, and loss of consciousness. In case of a suspected overdose, immediate medical attention is necessary.
If a dose of Procarbazine is missed, it should be skipped rather than taken later. The next dose should be taken at the regular scheduled time.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.
To manage nausea, try taking the medicine with food.
Ensure adequate fluid intake to help manage diarrhoea.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Procarbazine may cause dizziness or fatigue. You should avoid driving or operating heavy machinery if you experience these side effects.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
Procarbazine is not recommended during pregnancy as it may cause birth defects. Women should avoid becoming pregnant while taking this medicine.
It is advisable to consult a doctor before using Procarbazine during breastfeeding.
Caution in Other Conditions
Patients with existing liver conditions should use Procarbazine with caution.
Individuals with pre-existing severe infections or those who are immunocompromised should also exercise caution when using this medicine.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Avoid alcohol while taking Procarbazine as it can cause a severe reaction.
Foods high in tyramine such as aged cheeses, smoked or cured meats, and some fermented products should be avoided to prevent dangerous increases in blood pressure.
Protect yourself from excessive sunlight by wearing protective clothing and using sunscreen, as Procarbazine can make your skin more sensitive to sunlight.
Ensure good oral hygiene to prevent mouth sores.
Frequently asked questions
Does Procarbazine harm fertility?
Yes, Procarbazine can affect fertility. It may cause reduced sperm production and potential infertility in men. Women may also experience menstrual irregularities or fertility issues. If fertility concerns arise, consult your doctor for advice and possible alternatives.
Can Procarbazine cause skin darkening?
Yes, one of the side effects of Procarbazine is skin darkening. This can occur in some individuals during treatment and may persist even after treatment.
Is Procarbazine addictive?
No, Procarbazine is not addictive. It is a chemotherapy medication used to manage certain types of cancer.
Does taking Procarbazine affect the mood?
While there is no direct evidence that Procarbazine affects mood, some people on this medication have reported experiencing depression. If such symptoms are noted, immediate medical attention should be sought.
Is Procarbazine a vegetarian capsule?
The composition of the capsule should be checked with the manufacturer or a pharmacist to know if it is suitable for vegetarians or vegans.
Can Procarbazine cause allergic reactions?
Yes, Procarbazine can cause allergic reactions in susceptible individuals. Symptoms can include skin rashes, itching or hives, swelling of the face or hands, swelling or tingling in the mouth or throat, chest tightness, or difficulty breathing.
Is Procarbazine a prescription-only medicine?
Yes, Procarbazine is a potent chemotherapy medication and is available only with a valid prescription from a doctor.
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