Phenoxybenzamine
Uses of Phenoxybenzamine
Phenoxybenzamine is primarily used for the management of hypertension (high blood pressure) and sweating associated with pheochromocytoma, a rare tumour of the adrenal glands. It belongs to the alpha-adrenergic blocking agents or alpha-blockers class of medicines.
This medication also has several off-label uses, such as relieving urinary symptoms in benign prostatic hyperplasia, improving circulation in Raynaud's disease, and possibly reducing hyperarousal and anxiety symptoms in post-traumatic stress disorder.
Side effects of Phenoxybenzamine
Dizziness or lightheadedness
Nasal congestion
Constricted pupils
Fatigue or weakness
Gastrointestinal distress
How Phenoxybenzamine works
Phenoxybenzamine is an alpha-adrenergic blocking agent.
It works by permanently binding to alpha-1 and alpha-2 adrenergic receptors, which are found on the walls of blood vessels. This blocks the action of chemicals like adrenaline and noradrenaline that usually narrow the blood vessels.
As a result, the blood vessels relax and widen, permitting better blood flow. This process helps in reducing blood pressure and managing hypertension.
The irreversible nature of this process means that the effects last even after the medicine is cleared from the body, until new receptors are produced. This might take several days.
Certified content
Written By
BDS, MDS
Reviewed By
BMS, FMC, MD Resident
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Phenoxybenzamine is available for use orally in the form of capsules, and oral liquid)
Age and Dose Restrictions
This medicine is intended for use in adults and children who have been specifically prescribed it by a doctor.
Contraindications
This medicine is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to it.
It should not be used in patients with low blood pressure or those in shock.
Other Medications to Avoid
This medicine may interact with beta blockers (such as atenolol and propranolol), calcium channel blockers (like amlodipine and verapamil), diuretics (including furosemide and hydrochlorothiazide), ACE inhibitors (such as enalapril and lisinopril), nitrates (like nitroglycerin), PDE5 inhibitors (such as sildenafil and tadalafil), and MAO inhibitors (including phenelzine and tranylcypromine).
Overdose and Missed Dose
An overdose can cause severe hypotension, bradycardia, shock, and loss of consciousness. Immediate medical attention is necessary.
If a dose is missed, it should be taken as soon as it is remembered, unless it is almost time for the next dose. Do not double up on doses.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.
To manage dizziness or lightheadedness from orthostatic hypotension, rise slowly from sitting or lying positions.
Drinking water may help alleviate nausea.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Phenoxybenzamine may affect your ability to drive or operate heavy machinery owing to its potential side effects like dizziness and lightheadedness. Avoid these activities if affected.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
The use of Phenoxybenzamine during pregnancy and lactation is not well-documented for safety. It should only be used if clearly needed and prescribed by a doctor.
Caution in Other Conditions
Patients with coronary artery disease, kidney impairment, liver dysfunction, Parkinson’s disease, or who are elderly require careful monitoring and dosage adjustments when using this medicine.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Increase fluid intake to counter low blood pressure symptoms; adequate hydration supports blood volume and pressure.
Increasing salt intake may be advised under medical supervision to manage blood pressure levels.
Regular monitoring by a doctor is recommended to adjust dietary needs based on blood pressure levels and overall health during treatment with Phenoxybenzamine.
Frequently asked questions
Can Phenoxybenzamine affect your mood or emotions?
Phenoxybenzamine, an alpha-adrenergic blocking agent, may help reduce hyperarousal and anxiety symptoms in some patients with PTSD. However, it is not known to have a direct effect on mood or emotions.
Does Phenoxybenzamine impact menstruation in any way?
No scientific evidence suggests that it impacts menstruation. However, hormonal fluctuations during menstruation can impact blood pressure, which might require adjustments to the dosage.
Does stopping Phenoxybenzamine cause withdrawal symptoms?
As an alpha-blocking agent, there is no evidence that discontinuing this medicine leads to withdrawal symptoms. However, it is always best to consult your doctor before making any changes to your medication schedule.
Is Phenoxybenzamine safe for long-term use?
Any long-term use of medication should be under the supervision of a doctor. Phenoxybenzamine, as an alpha-blocker, might be used for extended periods depending on the condition being managed and the individual patient's needs.
Can Phenoxybenzamine help in improving circulation?
Yes, it can help improve circulation, particularly in conditions like Raynaud's disease by relaxing vascular smooth muscles and reducing peripheral vascular resistance.
Is there any natural alternative to Phenoxybenzamine?
Currently, there are no known natural alternatives that can effectively replace this medicines for its main indications. It is always recommended to discuss any alternative treatments with your doctor, as stopping or changing treatment without professional advice can have serious health consequences.
Can Phenoxybenzamine impact fertility?
Phenoxybenzamine does nor interact with female or male fertility.
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