Paclitaxel
Uses of Paclitaxel
Paclitaxel is primarily used to manage various types of cancer, including breast cancer, ovarian cancer, lung cancer, and Kaposi's sarcoma. It falls under the class of anti-microtubule agents or taxanes.
In addition to its approved uses, doctors sometimes utilise Paclitaxel off-label to manage bladder cancer, cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, oesophagal cancer, head and neck cancers, melanoma, prostate cancer, small cell lung cancer, thyroid cancer and unknown primary cancer.
Side effects of Paclitaxel
Hair loss
Bone marrow suppression
Nerve pain
Muscle and joint pain
Nausea and vomiting
How Paclitaxel works
Paclitaxel is an anti-cancer medicine categorised as an anti-microtubule agent or taxane.
It operates by interfering with the usual function of microtubules, structures within cells that aid in their division and multiplication. By disrupting microtubule function, Paclitaxel prevents cancer cells from dividing properly, which helps to halt or slow down the growth and spread of tumours. This mechanism is effective in managing various types of cancer.
Certified content
Written By
BDS, MDS
Reviewed By
BAMS, APG, PG
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Paclitaxel is available for use via intravenous route (concentrated solution, protein-bound powder, and generic injectable solution).
Age and Dose Restrictions
This medicine is meant for adult use only.
Contraindications
This medicine is contraindicated in patients with known severe hypersensitivity to Paclitaxel or any component of the formulation. It is also contraindicated in patients with a baseline neutrophil count below 1500 cells/mm³.
Other Medications to Avoid
Paclitaxel may interact with inhibitors of CYP2C8 and CYP3A4 enzymes (e.g, clarithromycin, ketoconazole, ritonavir) and inducers of these enzymes (e.g., rifampin, carbamazepine, and phenytoin).
Overdose and Missed Dose
An overdose of Paclitaxel may cause nausea, vomiting, mouth sores, muscle and joint pain. If you suspect an overdose, contact your doctor immediately.
If a dose is missed, administer it as soon as you remember. However, if it is nearly time for your next dose, skip the missed one. Do not take two doses at once.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.
Drinking plenty of fluids can help manage nausea or vomiting.
Resting and avoiding strenuous activities can help manage muscle and joint pain.
Brushing your teeth gently and maintaining oral hygiene can help manage mouth sores.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Paclitaxel may affect your ability to drive or operate heavy machinery. Avoid driving if you feel dizzy or sleepy after taking this medication.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
Paclitaxel may cause harm to the foetus, therefore it is not recommended during pregnancy unless absolutely necessary. It's also advised to consult your doctor before using this medicine during breastfeeding.
Caution in Other Conditions
Patients with mild to moderate liver impairment should use Paclitaxel with caution as its metabolism occurs in the liver.
Elderly patients should use this medicine with caution as they are at an increased risk of bone marrow suppression.
Patients with pre-existing heart diseases should exercise caution due to the increased risk of cardiotoxicity.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Adequate rest is essential to allow your body to recover from the effects of the medication and the disease.
Do not eat or drink grapefruit juice while taking this medicine as it can interfere with the metabolism of paclitaxel and potentially affect its effectiveness.
Frequently asked questions
Can Paclitaxel cause infertility?
Paclitaxel may affect fertility in both men and women due to its effect on rapidly dividing cells, such as those found in reproductive tissues. So consult your doctor if you are planning to start a family before beginning treatment.
Will Paclitaxel affect my mood?
Mood changes are not a common side effect of Paclitaxel, but if you experience emotional difficulties or feelings of anxiety or depression, consult your doctor for support.
Is there a vegetarian or vegan version of Paclitaxel?
Paclitaxel, derived from the Pacific yew tree, is plant-based and generally suitable for vegetarians and vegans, but confirm with your doctor if any animal-derived products are used during its formulation or in the capsule material.
Can I develop an addiction to Paclitaxel?
No, Paclitaxel is not addictive. It is an anti-cancer medication that prevents tumor growth by disrupting cell division in cancer cells.
Will Paclitaxel affect my menstrual cycle?
Chemotherapy medications like Paclitaxel can affect menstrual cycles and fertility, so discuss any concerns with your doctor.
Can I use natural remedies instead of taking Paclitaxel?
Natural remedies may help manage symptoms or side effects, but they should not replace Paclitaxel; consult your doctor before starting any new medication or supplement.
Do I need to undergo certain medical tests while taking Paclitaxel?
While on Paclitaxel, your doctor will monitor your response with medical tests, including blood tests for cell counts and liver function, among others.
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