Gemcitabine
Uses of Gemcitabine
Primarily, Gemcitabine is used to manage various types of cancer including ovarian, breast, non-small cell lung, and pancreatic cancers. It belongs to the class of chemotherapy medicines known as antimetabolites.
Depending on the type of cancer, it might be used as a single agent or in combination with other chemotherapy medicines such as carboplatin, paclitaxel, and cisplatin.
Side effects of Gemcitabine
Nausea and vomiting
Diarrhoea
Mouth sores
Drowsiness
Temporary hair loss
How Gemcitabine works
Gemcitabine is classified as a nucleoside metabolic inhibitor.
It primarily operates by disrupting the DNA synthesis that cancer cells require for growth and multiplication. Once Gemcitabine enters the cell, it transforms into active metabolites. These metabolites interfere with DNA synthesis, inducing cell death. This process helps to slow or stop the progression of cancerous cells in the body, hence managing the spread of cancer.
Certified content
Written By
MSc (Applied Genetics)
Reviewed By
BMS, FMC, MD Resident
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Gemcitabine is available for administration through the intravenous route (infusion).
Age and Dose Restrictions
Gemcitabine is intended for use in adults. The specific age range for this medication is typically those who are 18 years and older.
Contraindications
Gemcitabine is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to the medicine. It should also not be administered to those with severe liver impairment or serious infections.
Other Medications to Avoid
This medicine may interact with live vaccines (such as MMR and typhoid), and other chemotherapy medicines (like carboplatin and cisplatin).
Overdose and Missed Dose
If an overdose of Gemcitabine occurs, the patient may experience increased severity of side effects such as nausea, vomiting, and bone marrow suppression. If an overdose is suspected, immediate medical attention should be sought.
In case you miss a dose of Gemcitabine, contact your doctor immediately for advice. It is important not to double up on doses to make up for a missed one.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.
To help manage nausea or vomiting, try taking the medicine with food or milk.
For mouth sores, maintaining good oral hygiene can help.
Staying well hydrated can help manage diarrhoea.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Gemcitabine may cause dizziness or drowsiness in some patients. If you experience these side effects, it is recommended to avoid driving or operating heavy machinery.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
Gemcitabine may pose risks during pregnancy and breastfeeding. It is recommended to consult your doctor before using this medicine if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.
Caution in Other Conditions
Patients with kidney or liver conditions should exercise caution when taking Gemcitabine as it can affect these organs' functions. Those with a history of lung problems should also use this medicine with caution.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Adequate rest and relaxation can help your body recover from the side effects of chemotherapy.
It is important to stay hydrated and avoid alcohol consumption as both Gemcitabine and alcohol can affect the liver's function.
Frequently asked questions
Is Gemcitabine a steroid?
No, Gemcitabine is not a steroid. It is an antimetabolite chemotherapy medicine used in the management of various types of cancer.
Does Gemcitabine have any effect on sleep?
There is no direct mention of Gemcitabine affecting sleep in the reference material. However, some side effects such as drowsiness may indirectly influence sleep patterns.
Will Gemcitabine affect fertility?
Gemcitabine may affect fertility in both men and women. Patients should consult their doctor about potential risks and contraception use during and after treatment.
Is it safe to take Gemcitabine daily?
Gemcitabine is usually administered on specific days as part of a chemotherapy cycle rather than daily. The exact schedule will be determined by your doctor based on your specific condition.
How much time does Gemcitabine take to work?
The time taken for Gemcitabine to show its effect can vary depending on the type and stage of cancer. Regular monitoring by your doctor will assess the effectiveness of the medication.
Is the Gemcitabine available over the counter, or do I need a prescription?
Gemcitabine is a potent medicine used in chemotherapy and thus, it requires a prescription from a certified doctor. It is not available over the counter.
Will Gemcitabine affect my menstrual cycle?
Chemotherapy medicines in general can have an impact on menstrual cycles and fertility. If you have any concerns regarding the impact of Gemcitabine on your menstrual cycle, you should consult your doctor.
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