The primary use of Ethambutol + Isoniazid + Pyrazinamide + Rifampicin is to manage active tuberculosis (TB) infections. This combination belongs to the class of anti-tuberculosis medications.
Nausea and vomiting
Stomach pain
Skin rash and itching
Joint and muscle pain
Fatigue and dizziness
Isoniazid works by preventing the tuberculosis bacteria from creating a protective cell covering, leading to their death.
Rifampicin acts by inhibiting the bacterial enzymes needed for protein synthesis and reproduction, thereby stopping bacterial growth.
Ethambutol and Pyrazinamide are both antibiotics too. They act by slowing the growth and multiplication of the tuberculosis bacteria. Together, these four medicines effectively manage tuberculosis by killing the bacteria and preventing their reproduction.
Doctor of Medicine
BMS, FMC, MD Resident
Ethambutol + Isoniazid + Pyrazinamide + Rifampicin is available in tablet and capsule forms for oral administration.
This medication is suitable for adults and children above the age of 6 years.
Ethambutol + Isoniazid + Pyrazinamide + Rifampicin is contraindicated in patients with severe liver disease, acute gout, or a previous hypersensitivity reaction to any of the component medicines.
Ethambutol + Isoniazid + Pyrazinamide + Rifampicin may interact with anticonvulsants (such as phenytoin), antifungals (like ketoconazole), corticosteroids (such as prednisone), HIV medicines (like zidovudine) and anticoagulants (like warfarin).
Overdose of this combination medicine can result in serious side effects such as vomiting, liver damage, visual disturbances, and severe skin reactions. If an overdose occurs, seek immediate medical attention.
If you miss a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is nearing the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose. Do not double dose to catch up.
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.
Drinking plenty of water may help minimise gastrointestinal side effects like nausea and vomiting.
Taking this medication with food may help reduce stomach upset.
This medication may cause dizziness or blurred vision. Avoid driving or operating heavy machinery if you experience these side effects.
Ethambutol + Isoniazid + Pyrazinamide + Rifampicin should be used during pregnancy and lactation only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus or infant. Always consult your doctor.
Caution should be exercised when using this medication in patients with pre-existing liver disease, kidney disease, gout, diabetes, HIV infection, and alcoholism.
Rest and sleep as much as possible to help your body recover.
Adherence to prescribed therapy is crucial for successful treatment of TB. Do not miss your doses and take the medication exactly as directed by your doctor.
Frequently asked questions
Yes, one of the side effects of this medication can be loss of appetite, which might lead to weight loss. If you are facing significant weight loss, it is advisable to consult your doctor.
The combination works by stopping the growth of the bacteria that cause tuberculosis. Each constituent has a different mechanism of action that helps in eliminating the bacteria effectively.
You should not stop taking Ethambutol + Isoniazid + Pyrazinamide + Rifampicin without consulting your healthcare provider, even if you feel better, as completing the full course is crucial for effectively treating tuberculosis and preventing resistance.
No, Ethambutol + Isoniazid + Pyrazinamide + Rifampicin is not a steroid. It is a combination of four different antibiotics used to manage active tuberculosis (TB).
While the main function of this medicine is to manage TB, some patients have reported mood changes such as depression or confusion. If this happens, you should report it to your doctor.
Ethambutol + Isoniazid + Pyrazinamide + Rifampicin is not commonly known to impact the menstrual cycle. If you notice changes, consult your healthcare provider.
This medicine itself is not known to cause sleep disturbances. However, some people may experience dizziness or drowsiness as side effects.
Ethambutol + Isoniazid + Pyrazinamide + Rifampicin in other salts
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