Emtricitabine + Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate
Uses of Emtricitabine + Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate
Emtricitabine + Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate is primarily used to manage HIV-1 infections. This combination is part of the antiretroviral medication class and is effective in reducing the viral load in HIV-positive individuals.
It is also used for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to reduce the risk of sexually acquired HIV-1 infection in adults at high risk.
Side effects of Emtricitabine + Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate
Headache
Dizziness
Diarrhoea
Nausea
Fatigue
How Emtricitabine + Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate works
Emtricitabine + Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate is an antiretroviral combination.
Emtricitabine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI). It works by blocking a crucial enzyme (reverse transcriptase) that the HIV-1 virus needs to replicate its genetic material, which stops the virus from multiplying.
Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate is also an NRTI. Like emtricitabine, it blocks the reverse transcriptase enzyme, preventing HIV-1 from copying its genetic material and thus reducing the virus's ability to multiply.
When used together, these two components increase the effectiveness of inhibiting the HIV-1 virus's ability to reproduce, thereby decreasing the amount of HIV-1 in the blood and helping your immune system fight off the infection.
Certified content
Written By
Doctor of Medicine
Reviewed By
BMS, FMC, MD Resident
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Emtricitabine + Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate is available for oral consumption in the form of tablets.
Age and Dose Restrictions
This medication is meant for adults and children weighing at least 17 kg.
Contraindications
Emtricitabine + Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to any components of the product.
Other Medications to Avoid
This combination may interact with other antiretroviral medications (such as didanosine) and medication affecting kidney function, including NSAIDs (such as ibuprofen), aminoglycosides (like gentamicin), and amphotericin B.
Always inform your doctor about all medicines you are taking to avoid potential interactions.
Overdose and Missed Dose
An overdose of this combination could potentially lead to severe adverse effects. If you suspect an overdose, consult a doctor immediately.
In case of a missed dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your normal schedule. Do not take two doses at once.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.
If you experience diarrhoea or nausea after taking this combination, drinking plenty of water may help manage these side effects.
Resting and avoiding strenuous activities can help manage fatigue.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
This combination may make you feel dizzy or tired. It is advised to avoid driving or operating heavy machinery if you experience these side effects.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
Emtricitabine + Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate is not recommended for use during pregnancy or while breastfeeding unless the benefits greatly outweigh the risks.
Consult your doctor before using this medication if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding.
Caution in Other Conditions
Patients with a history of liver or kidney disease should use this combination with caution. Regular monitoring of liver and kidney function is recommended.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
It is essential to avoid risky behaviors, such as unprotected sex or sharing needles, to prevent HIV transmission.
Regular medical check-ups are necessary for monitoring health status and HIV progression.
It is also important to get the necessary vaccines as recommended by your doctor to prevent other infections.
Frequently asked questions
Does Emtricitabine + Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate help with other viruses apart from HIV?
No, this combination is specifically targeted towards the HIV-1 virus and does not work on other viruses.
Can Emtricitabine + Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate be used as a monotherapy for HIV-1?
No, it should not be used as monotherapy due to the risk of resistance development. It is usually used in combination with other antiretroviral medications.
Can I stop taking Emtricitabine + Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate when my symptoms improve?
No, you should not stop taking it without your doctor's advice, even if your symptoms improve. This medication helps control the HIV-1 virus but does not cure it. Abrupt discontinuation can lead to a resurgence of the virus.
Can Emtricitabine + Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate prevent HIV transmission?
While this combination significantly reduces the risk of HIV-1 transmission, it does not eliminate it entirely. Continue practicing safe sex and other preventative measures, such as using condoms and regular HIV testing, to minimize the risk of transmission.
How will I know if Emtricitabine + Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate is working for me?
Your doctor will monitor your health through regular viral load tests (to measure the amount of HIV-1 virus in your blood) and assessments of immune function (such as CD4 cell counts). These tests will help determine the effectiveness of the medication and guide any necessary adjustments to your treatment.
Can Emtricitabine + Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate be used for children?
Yes, it can be used for the management of HIV-1 infection in children who weigh at least 17 kg.
Will Emtricitabine + Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate affect my mood or emotions?
There is no direct evidence to suggest that it affects mood or emotions. However, if you experience changes in your mental health while taking this medication, consult your doctor immediately.
Emtricitabine + Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate in other salts
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