Digoxin
Uses of Digoxin
The primary use of Digoxin is for managing certain heart conditions such as atrial fibrillation (an irregular heartbeat) and mild to moderate congestive heart failure. This medication belongs to the class of cardiac glycosides.
In children, Digoxin is used for treating heart failure and specific types of arrhythmias. It also has uses in managing atrial flutter, where it helps slow down the heart rate.
Side effects of Digoxin
Loss of appetite
Nausea or vomiting
Dizziness or headache
Visual disturbances like blurred or yellow vision
Irregular heartbeat or palpitations
How Digoxin works
Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside.
It functions by inhibiting a pump in the heart muscle cells known as the sodium-potassium ATPase pump. This blockade leads to an increase in calcium within the cells. When there is more calcium inside these cells, the heart muscles can contract with greater force. Additionally, Digoxin slows down the electrical conduction through a specific part of the heart called the AV node, which results in a reduction of heart rate. Together, these actions improve overall heart function and enhance the efficiency of blood pump action.
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BDS, MDS
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Digoxin can be taken orally (tablet and solution) and intravenously (injection).
Age and Dose Restrictions
Digoxin is meant for adults, including elderly patients, and children.
Contraindications
Digoxin is contraindicated for patients with known hypersensitivity to digoxin or other cardiac glycosides.
It should not be used by those with ventricular fibrillation or certain severe heart conduction disorders such as second or third-degree AV block.
Other Medications to Avoid
This medicine can interact with antiarrhythmic medicines (like amiodarone, and verapamil), antibiotics (such as erythromycin, and tetracycline), and diuretics (like furosemide).
Overdose and Missed Dose
An overdose of Digoxin may cause severe nausea, vomiting, vision disturbances, very slow or irregular heartbeat, confusion and fainting. Any suspected overdose requires immediate medical attention.
If you forget to take a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as you remember. However, do not double the dose if it is close to your next scheduled dose.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.
Drinking plenty of water can help manage gastrointestinal side effects like nausea, vomiting, and diarrhoea.
Resting and avoiding sudden changes in position can help manage dizziness and fatigue.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Digoxin may affect your ability to drive or operate heavy machinery as it can cause dizziness or vision disturbances. Avoid such activities if you experience these side effects.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
Digoxin crosses the placenta and enters breast milk. Therefore, it must be used during pregnancy and breastfeeding only if the doctor considers the benefits to outweigh the risks.
Caution in Other Conditions
Patients with certain heart conditions (sinus node disease, accessory AV pathway, AV block) should exercise caution when taking Digoxin as they may be more prone to side effects like arrhythmias.
Patients with electrolyte imbalances (low potassium, magnesium or calcium) or thyroid disorders need careful monitoring as these conditions can affect Digoxin levels.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Regular check-ups to monitor Digoxin levels and kidney function can help ensure safe use of this medicine.
Patients should also learn to check their pulse regularly and inform their doctor if it is very slow or irregular.
Frequently asked questions
Is Digoxin a steroid?
No, Digoxin is not a steroid. It is a cardiac glycoside medication.
Does Digoxin have any effect on sleep?
If you experience unusual sleep patterns after starting this medication, please consult your doctor.
Will Digoxin affect fertility?
If you have concerns about fertility related to this medication, please discuss them with your doctor.
Is it safe to take Digoxin daily?
It is safe to take Digoxin in the dose and duration as prescribed by your doctor. However, as the effective dose of Digoxin is very close to the toxic dose, it's important to follow your doctor's instructions carefully.
How much time does Digoxin take to work?
Digoxin usually begins working soon after you take it, but the specific time may vary depending on your body's response and the condition being managed.
What is the best time to take Digoxin?
There is no specific best time to take Digoxin mentioned in the research data. It can be taken with or without food and at the same time each day for more consistent effects.
Can Digoxin cause mood changes?
Yes, Digoxin can cause mood changes. Some people may experience confusion or depression as a side effect of this medicine. If you notice any unusual changes in your mood or behaviour, consult your doctor.
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