Chloroquine
Uses of Chloroquine
Chloroquine is used for the prevention and treatment of malaria. It belongs to a class of medications known as antimalarials.
In addition to its main use, Chloroquine is also used in managing amebiasis, an infection caused by amoebae. Furthermore, it is sometimes used off-label for treating certain autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and lupus erythematosus to decrease inflammation.
Side effects of Chloroquine
Nausea and vomiting
Stomach cramps
Headache
Diarrhoea
Dizziness
How Chloroquine works
Chloroquine is an antimalarial medicine.
It works by increasing the pH inside the parasite cells that cause malaria, preventing their ability to metabolise and reproduce. This action helps kill off the parasitic infection.
In autoimmune conditions, Chloroquine interferes with the reactions between antigens and antibodies that cause inflammation. It stabilises membranes inside lysosomes (small pockets within cells) and inhibits the release of enzymes that could cause tissue damage. This helps manage autoimmune conditions by reducing inflammation and preventing tissue damage.
Certified content
Written By
MD Ayurveda
Reviewed By
Bachelor of Dental Surgery
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Chloroquine can be taken orally (tablet and oral suspension).
Age and Dose Restrictions
This medication is suitable for adults and children of all ages.
Contraindications
Chloroquine should not be used by individuals who have known hypersensitivity or allergy to any 4-aminoquinoline compounds. It is also contraindicated in patients with retinal or visual field changes due to potential ocular toxicity.
Other Medications to Avoid
Chloroquine may interact with antacids (such as aluminium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide), H2 blockers (like cimetidine), immunosuppressants (such as cyclosporine), antimalarial medications (such as mefloquine), and antibiotic medicines (like ampicillin and praziquantel).
Overdose and Missed Dose
Overdosing on Chloroquine can lead to severe side effects such as vision problems, seizures, weak or shallow breathing, irregular heartbeats, or life-threatening heart problems. If you suspect an overdose, seek immediate medical attention.
If you miss a dose of Chloroquine, take it as soon as you remember unless it is almost time for your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule. Do not double your dose.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.
Drinking plenty of water can help manage gastrointestinal side effects like diarrhoea and stomach cramps.
Taking Chloroquine with food may help reduce nausea and vomiting.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Chloroquine may cause dizziness or blurred vision in some individuals. Therefore, caution is advised when driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how this medication affects you.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
Chloroquine is generally considered safe for use in pregnancy for malaria prevention, as well as during breastfeeding. However, it is advised to consult your doctor before taking this medication.
Caution in Other Conditions
Patients with pre-existing heart conditions or liver diseases should exercise caution when using Chloroquine as this medication can affect these organs.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Regular check-ups, especially ocular examinations, are recommended for long-term Chloroquine therapy patients.
Practising mosquito avoidance measures such as wearing protective clothing, using insect repellent, and sleeping under mosquito nets can help prevent malaria in high-risk areas.
Regularly washing hands and maintaining good hygiene can help prevent amebiasis.
Frequently asked questions
Is Chloroquine considered a steroid?
No, Chloroquine is not a steroid. It is an antimalarial medication, which is used for preventing and treating malaria.
Can Chloroquine affect my sleep patterns?
Although it is not a typical side effect, in rare cases, some people may experience sleep disturbances while taking Chloroquine. Everyone reacts to medicines differently, so if you notice any changes in your sleep patterns, it is advisable to consult your doctor regarding this.
Will taking Chloroquine affect my fertility?
There is no evidence to suggest that taking Chloroquine will affect fertility in either men or women. However, if you are trying to conceive or have fertility concerns, you should discuss this with your doctor before starting any new medication.
Is it safe to take Chloroquine daily?
Chloroquine dosage depends on the specific condition it is being used to manage. For malaria prevention, it is typically taken once a week, not daily. Always follow your doctor's instructions on how and when to take this medication.
How long does it take for Chloroquine to start working?
In the case of malaria treatment, symptoms usually start improving within 24 to 48 hours of starting the medication.
Do I need a prescription to buy Chloroquine?
Yes, Chloroquine is a prescription medication and should be used under the supervision of a doctor.
Does Chloroquine have any effect on mood?
There are no known effects of Chloroquine on mood, but if you experience any unusual changes in this area while taking the medication, consult your doctor.
Chloroquine in other salts
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