Bupropion
Uses of Bupropion
Bupropion is primarily used to manage Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD). It also aids in smoking cessation. It belongs to the class of atypical antidepressants.
While Bupropion is not typically the first choice for treating depression, it can be an effective option for individuals who have not responded well to other antidepressants.
Side effects of Bupropion
Dry mouth
Nausea
Insomnia
Headache
Dizziness
How Bupropion works
Bupropion is an atypical antidepressant.
It works by inhibiting, that is, blocking the reuptake of two neurotransmitters, namely dopamine and norepinephrine, in the brain. Neurotransmitters are chemicals that transmit signals between nerve cells. By blocking their reuptake, Bupropion increases their levels in the brain. This helps in regulating mood, reducing depression and enhancing general well-being. The exact way in which Bupropion helps with smoking cessation is not fully understood. However, it is believed to influence the reward pathways in the brain. This results in a reduction in cravings for and withdrawal symptoms of nicotine, assisting individuals to quit smoking.
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Written By
BDS, MDS
Reviewed By
Bachelor of Dental Surgery
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Bupropion can be taken orally (immediate-release (IR) tablets, sustained-release (SR) tablets and extended-release (XL) tablets).
Age and Dose Restrictions
Bupropion is primarily intended for adults.
Contraindications
Bupropion is contraindicated in patients with a history of seizures or eating disorders such as anorexia or bulimia because of the increased risk of seizures associated with its use. It is also contraindicated in individuals who are currently abstaining from alcohol, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, or antiepileptic medicines due to the risk of withdrawal seizures. Lastly, individuals with known hypersensitivity or allergy to Bupropion should avoid its use.
Other Medications to Avoid
Bupropion may interact with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs such as selegiline or phenelzine), antipsychotics (like quetiapine or risperidone), bronchodilators (like theophylline, doxofylline), and systemic corticosteroids (such as prednisolone or dexamethasone).
Overdose and Missed Dose
In case of an overdose of Bupropion, immediate medical attention should be sought. Overdose symptoms can include hallucinations, loss of consciousness, heart palpitations, and seizures.
If you miss a dose of Bupropion, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your usual dosing schedule. Do not double your dose to make up for the missed one.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects of Bupropion are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience severe side effects or worsening symptoms, please consult your doctor.
Drinking plenty of water can help manage side effects such as dry mouth and constipation.
If you experience insomnia, try taking your last dose of the day earlier to avoid interference with sleep.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Bupropion may cause dizziness, confusion or impaired judgement. Therefore, caution should be exercised when driving or operating heavy machinery while taking Bupropion.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
It is advised to consult a doctor before using Bupropion during pregnancy or breastfeeding. The benefits of Bupropion must be weighed against potential risks to the foetus or baby.
Caution in Other Conditions
Patients with liver or kidney impairment may need adjusted doses of Bupropion. Similarly, elderly patients and those with a history of head trauma or seizures should exercise caution when taking Bupropion due to an increased risk of seizures.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Practice relaxation techniques like yoga, meditation, or deep breathing exercises to help manage stress and anxiety, which can exacerbate depression or increase nicotine cravings.
Frequently asked questions
Is Bupropion a steroid?
No, Bupropion is not a steroid. It is an antidepressant medication that falls into the category of atypical antidepressants. It is primarily used to manage major depressive disorder, and seasonal affective disorder, and help in smoking cessation.
Will Bupropion affect fertility?
Bupropion is not directly associated with affecting fertility. If you have concerns about fertility related to taking Bupropion, you should consult with your doctor.
Is it safe to take Bupropion daily?
Yes, it is generally considered safe to take Bupropion daily when it is prescribed by your doctor.
How much time does Bupropion take to work?
You may begin to notice the effects of Bupropion in 1-2 weeks for smoking cessation and 4-6 weeks for depression and seasonal affective disorder. However, everyone's response may vary.
What is the best time to take Bupropion?
The best time to take Bupropion depends on the specific formulation you have been prescribed and your doctor's instructions.
What is the duration of treatment with Bupropion?
The duration of treatment with Bupropion varies depending on what it is being used for and the individual's response to the medication. Always adhere to your doctor’s prescription.
Is Bupropion available over the counter, or do I need a prescription?
Bupropion requires a prescription and is not available over the counter.
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