Bortezomib
Uses of Bortezomib
Bortezomib is a medicine used primarily for the management of two types of blood cancers: multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma. It is a part of the proteasome inhibitors class of medicines.
In some cases, Bortezomib may also be used for the management of other types of cancers as an off-label use.
Side effects of Bortezomib
Nausea
Fatigue
Numbness, tingling, and burning in hands and feet
Low blood platelet count
Low neutrophil count
How Bortezomib works
Bortezomib is recognized as a proteasome inhibitor.
It works by inhibiting proteasomes, complex enzymes within cells that break down and eliminate damaged or unwanted proteins. Cancer cells rely more on proteasomes than healthy cells. By blocking these enzymes, Bortezomib causes a buildup of proteins in cancer cells, leading to their death. This inhibition slows or stops the growth and spread of multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma, effectively managing these types of blood cancers.
Certified content
Written By
Doctor of Medicine
Reviewed By
BAMS, APG, PG
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Bortezomib is available as a sterile lyophilized powder in single-use vials and is administered either by intravenous or subcutaneous infusion.
Age and Dose Restrictions
Bortezomib is primarily for adults, but Bortezomib may be considered for pediatric patients with certain cancers, subject to the discretion of the treating doctor.
Contraindications
Bortezomib is contraindicated in patients with severe hypersensitivity to Bortezomib, boron or mannitol. Caution should be exercised in patients with pre-existing severe peripheral neuropathy.
Other Medications to Avoid
Bortezomib may interact with strong inhibitors of the CYP3A4 enzyme (e.g., ketoconazole and ritonavir) and strong inducers of the CYP3A4 enzyme (e.g., rifampin and carbamazepine).
Overdose and Missed Dose
Overdosing on Bortezomib can result in serious adverse effects such as severe peripheral neuropathy and acute kidney injury. Consult your doctor immediately.
If a dose is missed, it should be taken as soon as it is remembered, but not if it is almost time for the next scheduled dose. In such cases, the missed dose should be skipped and the usual dosing schedule resumed.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing Bortezomib. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.
Nausea and vomiting can be managed by taking the medication after meals.
Fatigue can be managed by taking rest and maintaining adequate hydration.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Bortezomib may cause dizziness, fatigue, or other side effects that can affect your ability to drive or operate heavy machinery. Avoid such activities if you experience these symptoms.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
Bortezomib is not recommended during pregnancy and lactation unless prescribed by your doctor. Consult your doctor before taking this medicine if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.
Caution in Other Conditions
Patients with existing liver or kidney disease should exercise caution when taking Bortezomib as it may affect liver function and renal function. Caution should also be exercised in patients with existing cardiac conditions as Bortezomib may cause cardiac side effects such as heart failure and abnormal heart rhythms.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Include magnesium-rich foods like spinach, almonds and avocados to help manage potential electrolyte imbalances caused by Bortezomib.
Focus on small, frequent, high-calorie meals to maintain energy levels, especially if experiencing reduced appetite or weight loss.
Frequently asked questions
Does Bortezomib cause hair loss?
Hair loss is an uncommon side effect of Bortezomib, affecting less than 10% of patients, so most people do not experience significant hair loss on this medication.
Can Bortezomib cause changes in mood or behaviour?
Occasional mood changes, such as feeling very low or experiencing confusion, may occur. In less common cases, you might face memory difficulties, perceive things that aren’t there, or feel anxious or agitated.
How long does it take for Bortezomib to start working?
Improvement time varies by condition and health factors, and your doctor will monitor your progress closely.
Will I be able to continue working while receiving Bortezomib?
Many people are able to continue working during Bortezomib treatment. However, this depends on the individual's job demands, overall health, and the side effects experienced due to the medication.
How long does the treatment with Bortezomib typically last?
The duration of Bortezomib therapy depends on several factors including the type of cancer being managed, the stage of disease, and the patient's response to treatment.
Does Bortezomib have any effect on fertility?
Bortezomib may have an impact on fertility and it is recommended that women of childbearing age and men with female partners use effective contraception during and for some time after Bortezomib treatment.
Can Bortezomib affect menstruation?
Bortezomib does not directly impact menstruation. However, the stress and physical changes associated with cancer and its treatment can sometimes affect menstrual cycles in women.
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