Atazanavir
Uses of Atazanavir
Atazanavir is primarily used to manage HIV-1 infection. It belongs to a class of medicines known as HIV-1 protease inhibitors.
There are no secondary uses for this medicine as it is specifically designed for the management of HIV-1 infection.
Side effects of Atazanavir
Nausea
Jaundice
Headache
Abdominal pain
Vomiting
How Atazanavir works
Atazanavir is an antiretroviral medication, specifically a protease inhibitor.
It works by selectively and potently inhibiting the HIV-1 protease enzyme, which plays a crucial role in the life cycle of the HIV virus. By adhering to this enzyme's active site, Atazanavir prevents the cleavage of viral proteins, called Gag and Gag-Pol polyprotein precursors, within infected cells. This interferes with the formation and maturation of new infectious HIV virus particles, thus disrupting the replication cycle of the virus. Consequently, it helps control the progression of HIV infection within the body, aiding in managing HIV-related symptoms and improving quality of life.
Certified content
Written By
BDS, MDS
Reviewed By
BMS, FMC, MD Resident
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Atazanavir is available as an oral medication, specifically in the form of capsules.
Age and Dose Restrictions
Atazanavir is intended for use by adults and paediatric patients above 3 months old, weighing at least 5 kg.
Contraindications
Atazanavir is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to any of its components.
It should be used cautiously in patients with pre-existing liver disease, cardiac conduction disorders, or diabetes.
Other Medications to Avoid
Atazanavir may interact with proton pump inhibitors (such as omeprazole), H2-receptor antagonists (like ranitidine), CYP3A4 inducers and inhibitors (such as rifampin, ritonavir), and antacids (containing aluminum or magnesium). These interactions can affect the absorption, metabolism, and effectiveness of Atazanavir.
Overdose and Missed Dose
Overdose of Atazanavir may cause symptoms such as jaundice, rash, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, depression and fever. Please contact your doctor immediately if you suspect an overdose.
If you miss a dose of Atazanavir, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is near the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular schedule.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects of Atazanavir are temporary and generally harmless, resolving once the medication is discontinued. However, if you experience severe side effects or worsening symptoms, please consult your doctor.
Drink enough water to stay hydrated and ease the gastrointestinal discomfort, such as nausea and vomiting.
Rest in a quiet, dark room to manage headaches.
If you feel dizzy or sleepy, avoid activities that require mental alertness until these side effects subside.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Atazanavir may cause dizziness or sleepiness. Therefore, it is advised not to drive or operate heavy machinery if you experience these side effects after taking this medication.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
It is recommended to consult your doctor before using Atazanavir during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Caution in Other Conditions
Patients with underlying liver disease and cardiac conduction disorders should use Atazanavir with caution.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Regularly monitor your blood glucose levels if you have diabetes, as Atazanavir can cause high blood sugar.
Maintain a healthy, balanced diet to help manage the side effects of this medicine, such as nausea or diarrhoea.
Regular blood tests may be needed to check liver function while taking Atazanavir.
Keep all appointments with your doctor and the laboratory. Your doctor will order certain lab tests to check your body's response to Atazanavir.
Frequently asked questions
Is Atazanavir a protease inhibitor?
Yes, Atazanavir is a protease inhibitor. It belongs to a class of antiretroviral medicines used to manage HIV-1 infection.
Can Atazanavir be taken on an empty stomach?
Atazanavir should be taken with food for optimal absorption. It requires an acidic gastric environment for optimal dissolution and absorption.
Can Atazanavir cause jaundice?
Yes, one of the common side effects of Atazanavir is jaundice, due to indirect hyperbilirubinemia. This effect is reversible upon discontinuation of the medicine.
Is there a specific time to take Atazanavir?
Atazanavir should be taken as per your doctor's instructions. The recommended adult dose is once daily.
Is Atazanavir safe for people with heart conditions?
If you have heart conditions like cardiac conduction disorders, caution should be exercised while taking Atazanavir as it has been associated with PR interval prolongation on ECG.
Does grapefruit juice affect the action of Atazanavir?
Yes, grapefruit and grapefruit juice may increase Atazanavir concentrations and thus, should not be consumed while taking this medicine.
Can I take over-the-counter medicines while on Atazanavir?
Certain over-the-counter medicines may interact with Atazanavir. Therefore, it is important to consult your doctor before starting any new medicines while on Atazanavir therapy.
Atazanavir in other salts
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