Amphotericin B
Uses of Amphotericin B
Amphotericin B is primarily used to manage severe fungal infections that can be life-threatening and belong to antifungal medicines.
It is also used for the management of acute, chronic and recurrent fungal infections, vaginal candidiasis, diaper rash, and bed sores in affected individuals.
Side effects of Amphotericin B
Fever and chills
Muscle spasms
Vomiting
How Amphotericin B works
Amphotericin B is an antifungal agent. It works by sticking to a key part of the fungal cell membrane. This causes holes to form in the membrane, which disrupts the fungus and helps to kill it.
Certified content
Written By
Doctor of Medicine
Reviewed By
BMS, FMC, MD Resident
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Amphotericin B is available in several dosage forms for administration. For systemic fungal infections, it is commonly administered intravenously (IV) in different formulations: Conventional Amphotericin B, Liposomal Amphotericin B, and Amphotericin B Lipid Complex.
Additionally, Amphotericin B is available as a topical cream or ointment for treating superficial fungal infections on the skin.
Age and Dose Restrictions
Amphotericin B is meant for use in adults and children.
Contraindications
Amphotericin B is contraindicated in patients with a known allergy to the medicine.
Other Medications to Avoid
This medicine can interact with nephrotoxic medicines (eg., aminoglycoside antibiotics like gentamicin, amikacin, and streptomycin), corticosteroids and corticotropin (eg., hydrocortisone and prednisolone), and antifungal azoles (eg., fluconazole and ketoconazole).
Overdose and Missed Dose
Overdose of Amphotericin B can lead to severe side effects including fever, chills, muscle spasms, vomiting and kidney damage. If you suspect an overdose has occurred, immediately seek medical help.
If you miss a dose of Amphotericin B, administer it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless, and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.
For nausea and vomiting, try administering the medicine after meals.
Ensure to rest and avoid exertion if you experience fatigue.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
This medicine may interact with your ability to drive or operate heavy machines. Avoid driving if you feel dizziness or fatigue after taking this medication.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
It is advised that pregnant or breastfeeding women should consult their doctor before using Amphotericin B. The use of this medicine during pregnancy has not been well studied in humans.
Caution in Other Conditions
Patients with kidney impairment should exercise caution while using this medicine.
Caution is also advised for patients with low blood cell counts as Amphotericin B may suppress bone marrow function.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Ensure adequate intake of fluids to prevent dehydration, which can worsen side effects like muscle spasms.
Regular rest and sleep can help alleviate fatigue associated with Amphotericin B treatment.
Frequently asked questions
Is Amphotericin B a steroid?
No, Amphotericin B is not a steroid. It is an antifungal medicine belonging to the class of polyene antifungals.
Does Amphotericin B have any effect on sleep?
Amphotericin B does not directly affect sleep, but it can cause side effects like fever, chills, and fatigue, which may indirectly disrupt sleep.
Will Amphotericin B affect fertility?
Amphotericin B is not typically associated with changes in fertility. However, if you have specific concerns, it's best to consult a doctor.
Is it safe to administer Amphotericin B daily?
Amphotericin B is usually administered daily, but only under strict medical supervision due to its serious potential side effects. It should be given for the recommended duration by your doctor depending on the type and severity of the infection.
How much time does Amphotericin B take to work?
The time taken for Amphotericin B to show its effects may vary depending on the type and severity of the infection being managed.
What is the best time to administer Amphotericin B?
Amphotericin B is usually administered as an injection or infusion under medical supervision, so the timing will be decided by your medical team.
Does Amphotericin B require a prescription or can it be bought over the counter?
Amphotericin B is a potent medicine typically used to manage serious fungal infections and usually requires a doctor's prescription.
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