Amifostine
Uses of Amifostine
Amifostine is primarily used to reduce the incidence of moderate to severe dry mouth (xerostomia) in patients undergoing radiation therapy for head and neck cancer and is a cytoprotective agent.
It is also used to reduce the damage to the kidneys that can happen when patients with advanced ovarian cancer are treated with cisplatin multiple times. This can help minimize the harm to the kidneys.
Side effects of Amifostine
Nausea and vomiting
Low blood pressure (hypotension)
Flushed skin (flushing)
Drowsiness (somnolence)
Sneezing
How Amifostine works
Amifostine is a cytoprotective agent.
It helps to protect healthy cells from damage caused by chemotherapy and radiation. It works by neutralizing harmful chemicals that can build up during these treatments. Think of it like a shield that guards your healthy cells from the side effects of cancer therapies, helping to reduce damage and keep you feeling better.
Certified content
Written By
Bachelor of Dental Surgery
Reviewed By
Doctor of Medicine
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Amifostine is available as a dry powder formulation for reconstitution into an injectable solution (via the intravenous route).
Age and Dose Restrictions
This medicine is meant for adults.
Contraindications
Amifostine is contraindicated in individuals with known hypersensitivity to aminothiol compounds or mannitol.
Patients with hypotension should also avoid using this medicine because of its blood-pressure-lowering effects.
Other Medications to Avoid
Amifostine may interact with antihypertensive agents (eg., propranolol and lisinopril).
Overdose and Missed Dose
Although an overdose is not expected of this medication as it is administered under the supervision of a doctor, an overdose of Amifostine may result in severe hypotension. If you suspect an overdose, consult your healthcare provider immediately.
It is improbable that you miss a dose unless you fail to visit the doctor, If a dose is missed, it should be administered as soon as possible.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.
If experiencing dizziness or light-headedness due to hypotension, try sitting down and taking deep breaths.
To manage nausea and vomiting, try taking small sips of water or sucking on ice chips.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
This medicine can affect your ability to drive or operate heavy machines. Avoid these activities if you experience symptoms like somnolence, confusion, and dizziness after taking this medicine.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
It should only be used during pregnancy if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Consult a doctor before using this medicine during pregnancy.
It is not recommended to use this medicine during breastfeeding due to the lack of safety data. Consult a doctor before using this medicine during breastfeeding.
Caution in Other Conditions
Patients with a history of stroke should be closely monitored during Amifostine infusion due to its hypotensive effects.
Patients with pre-existing respiratory disorders should also exercise caution while using this medicine due to reports of rare severe hypersensitivity reactions involving respiratory distress.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Maintain a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and healthy fats to support overall health during cancer treatment.
Stay hydrated to help manage potential side effects like dry mouth and nausea.
Engage in gentle physical activities as tolerated and approved by the doctor to maintain strength and well-being during treatment.
Get plenty of rest to aid recovery and mitigate fatigue related to cancer treatment.
Frequently asked questions
Is Amifostine a steroid?
No, Amifostine is not a steroid. It is a cytoprotective agent, which means it helps protect healthy cells during certain cancer treatments.
Does Amifostine have any effect on sleep?
Amifostine is not directly associated with affecting sleep. However, some general side effects like nausea and dizziness may indirectly affect your sleep patterns. If you experience persistent sleep problems while taking this medicine, consult your doctor.
Will Amifostine affect fertility?
Amifostine is not associated with affecting fertility. However, if you are planning to conceive or are currently pregnant, consult with your doctor before starting this medication.
Is it safe to take Amifostine daily?
Yes, it is safe to take Amifostine daily for as long as it is prescribed for you by a doctor. The duration and frequency of use will depend on the type of cancer treatment you are undergoing.
How much time does Amifostine take to work?
Amifostine is administered a few minutes before chemotherapy or radiation therapy to protect healthy tissues. The exact time it takes to work may vary based on individual responses.
Can Amifostine cause mood changes?
Amifostine is not directly associated with causing mood changes. However, reactions to any medication can be individual, so if you notice any significant changes in your mood or behaviour while taking this medication, consult your doctor.
Is Amifostine available over the counter, or do I need a prescription?
Amifostine is a potent medication that requires close medical supervision during use. Therefore, it is not available over the counter and needs a prescription from a qualified doctor.
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