Adalimumab
Uses of Adalimumab
Adalimumab is primarily employed to manage several inflammatory conditions and belongs to the group of medications known as tumour necrosis factor (TNF) blockers.
The medicine can be used to manage a range of conditions in adults, such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, plaque psoriasis, hidradenitis suppurativa, and non-infectious uveitis. In children, it is indicated for polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis and Crohn's disease in certain age groups.
Side effects of Adalimumab
Injection site reactions (redness, rash, swelling, itching, pain)
Upper respiratory infections (sinus infections, sore throat)
Headaches
Rash
How Adalimumab works
Adalimumab is a tumour necrosis factor (TNF) blocker.
It is a monoclonal antibody, a laboratory-made protein designed to target specific proteins in the body. Its main action is to bind to and block the activity of Tumour Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α), a protein involved in causing inflammation. Elevated levels of TNF-α are found in several inflammatory diseases. By inhibiting TNF-α, Adalimumab helps reduce inflammation, alleviates symptoms, and slows the progression of these diseases. As it affects the immune system, it may decrease one's ability to fight infections.
Certified content
Written By
Doctor of Medicine
Reviewed By
BMS, FMC, MD Resident
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Adalimumab is available in the form of an injectable solution, which is administered under the skin.
Age and Dose Restrictions
This medicine is approved for use in adults and in children above 2 years of age. However, it is recommended to consult a doctor before administering this medication to children.
Contraindications
Adalimumab is contraindicated in patients with known allergies to any of its components.
It is also not recommended for patients who have infections, such as tuberculosis or hepatitis B, as well as those with certain nervous system disorders or heart failure.
Other Medications to Avoid
Adalimumab can interact with tumour necrosis factor blockers (e.g., etanercept and infliximab), abatacept, anakinra, and live vaccines. It can also interact with medications that affect the immune system (e.g., azathioprine, cyclosporine, and methotrexate).
Overdose and Missed Dose
An overdose of Adalimumab could lead to severe side effects and complications. If you suspect an overdose, seek immediate medical attention.
If you miss a dose of Adalimumab, administer it as soon as you remember. However, if it is near the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your usual dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.
To manage injection site reactions, clean the injection site before administering the dose.
To manage upper respiratory infections, ensure good hygiene practices such as regular handwashing.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Adalimumab does not typically affect your ability to drive or operate machinery. However, if you experience dizziness or other side effects that may hinder your safety, avoid these activities and consult a doctor.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
Adalimumab should only be used during pregnancy or breastfeeding if clearly needed and under the supervision of a doctor. It is advisable to discuss the risks versus benefits with your doctor.
Caution in Other Conditions
Caution should be exercised when using Adalimumab in patients with liver problems or failure, blood cell abnormalities, heart failure, and immune reactions.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Maintain a balanced diet to help maintain overall health.
Regular light exercise can aid in managing symptoms of some conditions treated by Adalimumab, such as rheumatoid arthritis.
Adequate rest is important in managing inflammatory conditions.
Avoid smoking and limit alcohol consumption, as they can aggravate certain symptoms.
Practice good hygiene to prevent infections.
Frequently asked questions
Is Adalimumab a steroid?
No, Adalimumab is not a steroid. It is a type of medicine known as a TNF blocker or monoclonal antibody that takes action against specific proteins in the body causing inflammation.
Does Adalimumab have any effect on sleep?
There is no definitive evidence to suggest that Adalimumab directly affects sleep. However, the reduction in inflammation and pain due to diseases it manages might improve sleep indirectly. If you are experiencing sleep disturbances, it is best to consult your doctor.
Is it safe to take Adalimumab daily?
Adalimumab is usually administered under the skin every other week, not daily. However, the precise dosage and frequency depend on the condition being managed and individual patient factors. Always follow your doctor's instructions regarding how often and how much medicine to take.
How much time does Adalimumab take to work?
Adalimumab might show improvement in symptoms within 1-2 weeks of starting the medication, but full effects can take 3-6 months to manifest. Always continue taking the medicine as prescribed by your doctor, even if you feel better.
What Is the best time to take Adalimumab?
There is no specific best time to take Adalimumab. It can be administered at any time of the day that suits you best, but it is advisable to take it at the same time for every dose. Follow your doctor's instructions regarding the timing of the injection.
Does Adalimumab require a prescription or is it available over the counter?
Adalimumab is a prescription medication and is not available over the counter due to its specific usage and potential side effects.
Can Adalimumab affect my mood or emotions?
Adalimumab does not typically impact mood or emotions. However, everyone's reaction to medications can vary. If you notice significant changes in your mood or emotions, consult your doctor.
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