Reproductive

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate gland that commonly affects men as they age. This condition can cause urinary symptoms such as increased frequency, urgency, and difficulty initiating or maintaining a urinary stream, significantly impacting quality of life. Understanding the stages, types, and treatment options for BPH is essential for effective management of this condition.

Endometriosis is a chronic gynaecological condition characterised by the growth of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus. It can cause severe pelvic pain, heavy periods, infertility, and other debilitating symptoms. While the exact cause is unknown, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can help manage the condition and improve quality of life.

Infertility is a condition where a couple is unable to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected sexual intercourse. It can be caused by problems in the male or female reproductive system or both. Infertility affects approximately one in every six people of reproductive age worldwide.

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common condition characterised by the inability to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual intercourse. It can be caused by various factors, including vascular, neurological, hormonal, and psychological issues. Treatment options are available, and it's important to consult with a doctor to determine the underlying cause and appropriate management.

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common vaginal infection caused by an imbalance in the natural bacteria that reside in the vagina. It is characterised by unusual vaginal discharge, a strong fishy odour, and itching or irritation around the vagina. Although BV is not considered a sexually transmitted infection, it is more prevalent among sexually active women and can increase the risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

Menopausal syndrome refers to the range of symptoms experienced by women during the transition to menopause, which marks the end of the reproductive years. This natural biological process involves hormonal changes that can lead to physical and emotional symptoms, such as hot flashes, irregular periods, and mood swings. The transition to menopause typically occurs in three stages: perimenopause, menopause, and postmenopause.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder affecting women of reproductive age. It is characterised by irregular periods, excess androgen production, and polycystic ovaries, which can lead to various symptoms and complications. While the exact cause is unknown, factors such as insulin resistance, inflammation, and genetics are thought to play a role.

Dyspareunia is a condition characterised by persistent or recurrent genital pain that occurs before, during, or after sexual intercourse. It affects both men and women but is more common in individuals assigned female at birth (AFAB). Dyspareunia can be associated with various physical and psychological factors and is not limited to any specific age group.