Jackfruit (Kathal): Uses, Benefits, and Side Effects

Introduction

Jackfruit or Kathal, as it is lovingly referred to in India, is scientifically known as Artocarpus heterophyllus. Jackfruit is the largest edible fruit in the world and is native to the tropical regions of Asia, particularly the Western Ghats of India. This evergreen tree can grow up to 20 meters tall and produce fruits that can weigh a staggering 40 pounds!

Historically, jackfruit has been a staple food in many Asian countries due to its nutritional value and versatility in cooking. Often referred to as ‘poor man’s food” because of its affordability and abundance during harvest seasons, this fruit holds a significant place in our culture. Both unripe and ripe fruits are utilised in savoury and sweet dishes, respectively, showcasing its adaptability.

In this blog, we shall delve into the nutritional profile of jackfruit, highlighting its health benefits, including its benefits for skin. We will also shed light on some lesser-known attributes, such as the benefits of jackfruit seeds and why jackfruit curry not only tantalises your taste buds but also packs a health punch.

Nutritional Profile of Jackfruit

Before we jump into discussing the specific kathal benefits, let’s have a look at its nutritional profile. The following table outlines the nutritional content per 100 grams of the edible portion of jackfruit:

As you can see, jackfruit is abundant in carbohydrates and dietary fibre, making it a great source of energy. It also brims with essential vitamins and minerals, contributing to its numerous health benefits, including potent antioxidant properties and support for digestive health.

The seeds of jackfruit are not to be discarded either! They are quite nutritious and can be consumed as a protein source. Overall, jackfruit is a valuable addition to a balanced diet and is gaining popularity as a meat substitute in various culinary applications. However, like any good thing, too much can lead to disadvantages as well. So moderate consumption is advised.

Uses of Jackfruit

The uses of jackfruit are manifold. Some of them are:

Culinary Uses

Jackfruit, known as ‘Kathal’ in Hindi, is a versatile fruit which can be used in both savoury and sweet dishes. Some culinary uses of jackfruit include:

• Jackfruit in Savoury Dishes (e.g., Jackfruit Curry): The ‘meaty’ texture of unripe jackfruit makes it an ideal ingredient for vegetarian and vegan dishes. For instance, ‘Jackfruit Sabzi’, a favourite Punjabi dish, uses warming spices like garam masala, coriander and turmeric. A vegan alternative to Mexican pork dish is ‘Jackfruit Carnitas’. Even Kerala breakfast features steamed jackfruit puttu called ‘Chakka Puttu’.
• Jackfruit in Sweet Dishes (e.g., Jackfruit Desserts): The sweet, ripe jackfruit is perfect for desserts. Delicious seasonal ‘Jackfruit Halwa’ comes together quickly. For a unique taste, try Jackfruit sago dessert made with chewy sago pearls, coconut milk and jackfruit. Alternatively, relish a mango and jackfruit smoothie for a healthy tropical treat.

Non-culinary Uses

Apart from its culinary uses, jackfruit has non-culinary applications such as:

• Medicinal Uses: Jackfruit and its seeds have been used in traditional medicine for their nutritional benefits and potential health effects.
• Industrial Uses: Jackfruit wood, being durable and termite-resistant, is commonly used in furniture making.

Health Benefits of Jackfruit

Jackfruit has many health benefits, making it a great addition to your diet. Here are some key advantages:

1. Rich source of vitamins and minerals

Jackfruit is a powerhouse of essential nutrients. It is rich in vitamins A, C, and B6, as well as minerals like magnesium and potassium.

2. High fibre content

The high fibre content in jackfruit promotes digestive health, making it beneficial for those who suffer from constipation or other digestive issues.

3. Benefits of Jackfruit

Some other benefits of jackfruit include:

• Digestive health: Besides fibre, jackfruit is packed with natural sugars and starch, which are great sources of energy.
• Immune system support: The vitamin C in jackfruit strengthens the immune system and helps to fight off infections.
• Heart health: The presence of potassium in jackfruit helps regulate blood pressure and reduces the risk of heart diseases.

4. Benefits of jackfruit seeds

Jackfruit seeds shouldn’t be discarded because they are loaded with nutrients.

• Nutrients Specific to Seeds: The seeds are high in protein, fibre, vitamins and minerals.
• Digestive Aids: These nutrient-packed seeds may also have digestive benefits due to their high fibre content.

5. Jackfruit benefits for skin

Jackfruit is not only good for your internal health but also for your skin too due to the following benefits:

• Antioxidant Properties: The antioxidants in jackfruit help fight against skin damage caused by sun exposure and ageing.
• Skin Hydration: Consuming jackfruit keeps your skin hydrated, promoting a radiant complexion. Remember, a healthy outside starts from the inside.

Potential Side Effects and Disadvantages

While the benefits of jackfruit seeds are numerous, it is important to understand that like any other food, it can have potential side effects and disadvantages. Let’s delve into some of them:

• Allergic Reactions: Jackfruit benefits skin health but it’s important to remember that individuals with latex allergies may experience cross-reactions to jackfruit. This is due to the presence of latex-like proteins in jackfruit. Such reactions can lead to serious allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis. However, such severe reactions are rare. Additionally, people who are allergic to birch pollen may also react negatively to jackfruit.
• High Potassium Levels: Jackfruit is known for its rich potassium content. While this is generally beneficial, it may be harmful for individuals with chronic kidney disease or those on potassium-restricted diets. Excessive potassium in the body can lead to hyperkalemia, which may cause health issues such as muscle weakness and heart problems.
• Digestive Issues: Consuming large amounts of jackfruit may cause digestive discomfort in some people. This is due to its high fibre content, which can result in symptoms such as bloating or gas.
• Consultation Recommended: Despite the many benefits of kathal or jackfruit curry, it is always advisable to consult your family doctor before incorporating jackfruit into your diet. This is especially important for individuals with underlying health conditions or those who are on medications that may interact negatively with high potassium levels.

How to Incorporate Jackfruit into Your Diet

Having discussed the potential disadvantages of jackfruit, let’s now explore how you can incorporate this versatile fruit into your diet and reap its myriad benefits:

• Savoury Dishes: Unripe jackfruit serves as an excellent meat substitute in savoury recipes. You can add it to curries, stir-fries, and tacos, where it provides a texture similar to pulled pork or chicken. This allows you to enjoy the jackfruit curry benefits.
• Sweet Dishes: Ripe jackfruit is a treat to enjoy fresh or in desserts such as smoothies, ice creams, or fruit salads. Its natural sweetness complements a variety of sweet recipes.
• Snacks: Dried jackfruit is another convenient way to incorporate this fruit into your diet. You can have it as a standalone snack or mix it with nuts and seeds for a healthy trail mix.
• Soups and Stews: Adding jackfruit to soups and stews not only enhances the texture but also contributes to the nutritional profile of the dish.
• Salads: For a unique twist to your regular salads, try incorporating jackfruit. It can be shredded and mixed with greens and vegetables, and dressed lightly for a refreshing meal.
• Baking: Jackfruit puree can be used in baking recipes as a natural sweetener or moisture enhancer in muffins and cakes.

By incorporating these simple methods, you can enjoy the various kathal health benefits while adding an exciting new element to your meals.

The humble jackfruit, or kathal as it is commonly known in India, indeed holds a treasure trove of health benefits. Jackfruit benefits are attributed to its rich composition of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. It is a versatile fruit that can be incorporated into both sweet and savoury dishes, while being mindful of its potential side effects, particularly for individuals with specific allergies or health conditions. In essence, this large and prickly fruit can become a valuable part of your balanced diet when consumed thoughtfully.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)